Yenziwa njani intsimbi yentsimbi?

Intonga yensimbi engenasici njengento esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kulwakhiwo, oomatshini, ishishini lemichiza kunye nezinye izinto eziphambili, inkqubo yokuvelisa inzima kwaye ilungile. Iintsimbi zensimbi ezingenasici zithandwa yimarike ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwesa okugqwesileyo, ukomelela okuphezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

 

Ukulungiselela izinto ezikrwada

Ukwenziwa kweentsimbi ezingenasici kuqala kufuna ukulungiswa kwezinto ezisemgangathweni ophezulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi zixhobo zibandakanya isinyithi, i-chromium, i-nickel, kunye nezinye izinto ezidibeneyo. Emva kokuba ezi zinto zixutywe ngomlinganiselo othile, ziyanyibilika kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu ukuze zenze izinto ezingamanzi ekrwada yentsimbi engatyiwayo.

 

Ukunyibilika kunye nokuphosa

Izinto ezilungisiweyo zifakwe kwisithando somlilo sokunyibilikisa. Kwinkqubo yokunyibilikisa, izinto eziluhlaza zinyibilika ngokuthe ngcembe kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu ukuze zenze intsimbi etyhidiweyo. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukubunjwa okufanayo kwensimbi engenasici, kuyafuneka kwakhona ukuvuselela kunye nokudibanisa ngexesha lokunyibilika. Emva kokuba ukunyibilikiswa kugqityiwe, intsimbi etyhidiweyo iya kuphoswa ngokuqhubekayo okanye ife ngokujulwa ngezixhobo zokugalela ukwenza intsimbi yokuqala engenanto.

 

Ukuqengqeleka okushushu kunye nokuqengqeleka okubandayo

Iibhilidi zensimbi ezingenasici emva kokuphoswa kufuneka zihambe ngamanyathelo amabini okutshisa okutshisa kunye nokuqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqhayono lala langaphakathi kunye neempawu zomatshini. I-Hot rolling yi-rolling of billets kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu ukwenza i-preliminary rod-like structure. Emva koko, ubungakanani kunye nokuma kwentonga yensimbi engenasici kulungiswa ngakumbi ngokuqengqeleka okubandayo, ngelixa uphucula ukugqiba kwayo komhlaba kunye neempawu zoomatshini.

 

Ukuvunwa nokupolisha

Ezinye ii-oksidi kunye nokungcola kunokuhlala phezu kwendawo yensimbi engenasici emva kokunyangwa kobushushu, ngoko ke kufuneka kukhethwe. I-Pickling inokususa umaleko we-oxide phezu komhlaba kwaye wenze umphezulu wentonga yensimbi engenasici ilula. Emva koko, intonga yensimbi engenasici iya kuphinda iphuculwe ukuze iphucule ngakumbi umgangatho wayo ophezulu kwaye ihlangabezane neemfuno zobuhle kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.

 

Ukuhlolwa kunye nokupakishwa

Intonga yensimbi engenasici egqityiweyo kufuneka ihlolwe ngokungqongqo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ukubunjwa kwayo kweekhemikhali, iipropati ezibonakalayo kunye nokuchaneka komlinganiso kuhambelana nemigangatho. Iintonga zetsimbi ezingenasici ezifanelekayo ziya kuhlulwa ngokweenkcukacha ezahlukeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa, emva koko zipakishwe. Izinto zokupakisha ngokuqhelekileyo zenziwe ngephepha elingenamhlwa okanye ifilimu yeplastiki ukukhusela intonga yensimbi engenasici ukuba ingagqwali okanye yonakaliswe ngexesha lokuthutha kunye nokugcinwa.

 

Ukulawulwa komgangatho kunye namanyathelo okukhusela okusingqongileyo

Kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa iintonga zentsimbi, ulawulo lomgangatho lubalulekile. Ukususela ekukhethweni kwezinto eziluhlaza ukuya ekuhlolweni kwemveliso egqityiweyo, ikhonkco nganye kufuneka ihlolwe ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza nokuthembeka komgangatho wemveliso. Ukongeza, ngokuphuculwa kolwazi lokusingqongileyo, amashishini okuvelisa intonga yensimbi engenasici nawo ahlawula ngakumbi nangakumbi ukukhuselwa kwendalo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa. Ukwamkela izixhobo zokunyibilikisa ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo, ukuqinisa ubume bamandla, ukunciphisa irhasi emdaka kunye nokukhutshwa kwamanzi amdaka kunye namanye amanyathelo zinjongo eziphunyezwa ngenkuthalo ngabavelisi beentonga zentsimbi yanamhlanje.

 

Isishwankathelo, inkqubo yokwenziwa kweentonga zensimbi engenasici ibandakanya ukukhethwa kwezinto eziluhlaza kunye nokulungiswa, ukunyibilika kunye nokuphosa, ukuqengqeleka kunye nokunyangwa kobushushu, ukucoca kunye nokupolisha, ukuhlolwa kunye nokupakishwa kunye nezinye izixhumanisi. Ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yemveliso yenzululwazi kunye nengqongqo kunye nolawulo olungqongqo lwekhwalithi, sinokuvelisa iimveliso zensimbi ezingenasici kunye nokusebenza okugqwesileyo kunye nomgangatho ozinzile, ukubonelela ngenkxaso eqinile kuphuhliso lwamashishini ahlukeneyo.